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          • Georges River Introduction
          • Georges River
          • Georges River Fieldwork
          • Water Management
          • Flow of Water Though Catchments
          • Catchments - Key Terms
          • Murray-Darling Catchment
          • Human impacts on hydrological processes
        • Geomorphic systems
        • Ecological systems
    • People, Patterns and Processes >
      • Population and resource consumption >
        • Demographic processes
        • Demographic processes - Mortality
        • Population pyramids
        • Challenges of changing population
    • Human-Environment Interactions >
      • A contemporary hazard >
        • Volcanic Eruptions
        • Floods 2022
        • COVID-19
        • Bushfire 2019-2020 >
          • Spatial distribution
          • Managing a contemporary hazard
  • 12 Geography (from 2025)
    • Global Sustainability >
      • Pillars of Sustainability
      • Evaluating Sustainability
      • Tourism - Nature and Spatial Patterns
      • Tourism - Influences >
        • Biophsical Influences
        • Ecological Influences
        • Economic Influences
        • Socio-Cultural Influences
        • Political Influences
        • Organisational Influences
        • Technological Influences
      • Tourism - Trends and Future Directions
      • Tourism - Sustainability >
        • Impacts of Tourism
        • Tourism in Venice
    • Urban and Rural Places >
      • One urban place - Ashbury (suburb) >
        • Ashbury - location and character
        • Ashbury - changes
        • Ashbury - responses to changes
    • Ecosystems and Global Biodiversity >
      • Coral Triangle
  • Geographical Tools
    • Tools Checklist
    • Maps >
      • Topo map basics
      • Area and Grid Reference
      • Sight Lines
      • Bearing
      • Gradient
      • Cross Section
      • Vertical Exaggeration
      • Sketch Maps
      • Synoptic Charts
      • Latitude and Longitude
    • Geographical Inquiry >
      • Soil characteristics
      • Vegetation Profile
      • Fieldsketch
      • Water Quality
      • Microclimate Fieldwork
    • Graphs and Statistics

HSIETeachers.com

​Ideas, Resources, Inspiration

ARE YOU LOOKING TO BOOK IN EXCURSIONS FOR SENIOR GEOGRAPHY IN SYDNEY?
Visit my partner site The Harbour School Sydney to book in excursions for Senior Geography.

​The Harbour School Sydney
Year 11
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Year 12
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NEW SENIOR GEOGRAPHY SYLLABUS
To find resources for the new Senior Geography syllabus:
- Click on Year 11 or 12 Geography button below or the Year 11 or 12 tab above, or
- Visit the
Powerful Geography Authors' blog, or
- Check out the Senior Geography playlist on Youtube

11 Geography
History
12 Geography
Commerce
Geography Skills
Legal Studies
Primary Geography
Balmain Foreshore Project
Business Studies
Studies of Religion
General Posts
Click to see all HSIEteachers.com blog posts....
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Louise Swanson

Educational Leader, Owner and Director of The Harbour School Sydney, Coordinating author of the Geoactive text book series (7-10), and upcoming Powerful Geography (11-12).
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Latest resources...


Student Climate Leadership Forum - Australian Museum

Join the Student Climate Leadership Forum at the Australian Museum on 13 March 2025.

 
 For Years 7-10: Free talks & workshops to kick-start student-led climate action plans.
 
Register now: https://australian.museum/event/climate-action-week-student-leaders/
#youthforclimate #climateaction

Read more...

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2024 AGTA Conference, Darwin

The Australian Geography Teachers Conference was held in Darwin this year. This biennial conference rotates around each state, and if you are a Geography teacher, is worth the investment to attend. The event usually includes a series of lectures and workshops, field trips and a couple of social events....

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Forest Learning and Forest VR - AGTA Conference

The "Forest Learning - Forest, People, Places” session covered an introduction to forestry, a discussion about how forestry can be renewable and sustainable, carbon capture, the chain of custody and certification of sustainable forestry. It was run by the staff from Forest Learning...

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Kakadu - AGTA Conference

Prior to the conference I visited Kakadu National Park for the first time in 25 years. Still amazing. As part of the tour we visited Nourlangie, Yellow River, Ubirr, Cahill’s Crossing and Arnhem Land, and were lucky enough to do a quick flight over the park. What a privilege....

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Historic sea level rise and Warramiri people - AGTAConference

Some of the highlights of the AGTA conference were listening to the experiences of some of the teachers from the NT – Ian Morris OAM and Steve Hawkins in particular, but also several others who I had informal conversations with. There’s lots to learn from them about working with their communities, developing better cultural understanding and providing more inclusive educational experiences. Ian spoke about information he had been taught over many years from David Burrumarra, a senior Yolnu mentor, about the social and cultural impacts of historical sea level rise off the coast of Arnhem land. 

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Ecosystem Restoration - Engaging students in Geography through ecosystem restoration projects - AGTA Conference

Ecosystem restoration refers to initiatives that assist in the recovery of degraded ecosystems and in some cases conserving ecosystems still intact. It seeks to initiate or accelerate ecosystem recovery following damage, degradation or destruction, and involves creating the conditions needed for recovery. A focus on ecosystem restoration projects, enables students to explore positive activities that are occurring in their community, and then explore what those solutions are addressing, the processes and the environment....
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School leadership - the union is not the enemy

Principals and Senior Executive teams should aim to build strong working relationships with teacher unions rather than seeing them as a threat to their authority. At the core of this relationship is reciprocal respect and mutual understanding of the various awards and determinations that dictate teachers' and support staff's basic entitlements. Apart from the legal requirement to follow awards, there are a range of other benefits to a productive relationship with the teachers unions.

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Visible leadership

One of the first lessons I was taught in my role was about the power of visible leadership. A visible leader is someone who has presence, is involved, is impactful, and guides the school. Visible leadership is not about a central figure getting attention or boosting their ego, It is about a person or small team being obvious leaders that motivate, engage and embody the culture of the school.

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Senior Geographical Tools Checklist

Use this checklist with your senior students so that they can self-monitor their mastering of the senior geographical tools. Students can tick when they have mastered each tool or use it to aid them when they are revising, prior to exams. 

​Access the checklist....
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Curriculum Reform - Faculty Collaboration

Some faculties have syllabuses currently being implemented, some are familiarising and getting ready for implementation, and some are engaging with drafts and providing feedback. There are a range of professional learning resources available for staff in management positions regarding change management, but this post will take a look at managing interpersonal relationships, different management styles, stages in career and levels of motivation during the Curriculum Reform process.

​Read more...
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Curriculum Reform - Secondary Sequencing
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Just as students transition from primary school to high school, students experience a similar period of transition when moving from junior years to senior years of high school. Often students experience a similar period of anxiety, reassessing organisation structures, and feeling overwhelmed. This transition should be managed in a similar way as the transition from primary to high school and consideration should be given to curriculum sequencing as one measure towards addressing this. Curriculum sequencing to support students transitioning into senior years can include....

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Curriculum Reform - Primary and Secondary Sequencing

Primary to High School transition ensures that students feel supported and settle into high school well. Most schools have comprehensive transition programs to meet the social and emotional needs of students, but with curriculum reform upon us, it may be time to revisit primary and secondary connections and collaboration in terms of curriculum sequencing and programming.

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Ocean Lovers Festival

The 2024 Volvo Ocean Lovers Festival was a five day festival focused on solutions to address issues related to ocean environments. 

Day 1 of the Volvo Ocean Lovers Festival was the Blue Solutions Summit at the Australian National Maritime Museum. Keynote speakers were: Dr. Lucy Buxton from Ocean Decade Australia, Julie Hutchinson from Volvo Car Australia, and James Valentine from Australian Broadcasting Company. There were three discussion panels: Ocean Innovation, Ocean Plastic and Pollution, and Fishing and the Future of Food. There were lots of discussions about research and programs to protect our marine environment, and innovations in a range of industries.

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​Read more...
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Vertical Exaggeration video

Simple, easy to follow instructions on how to do vertical exaggeration.

Play the Geographical Tools - Vertical Exaggeration video.

Cross Section video

Simple, easy to follow instructions on how to do a cross section.

Play the Geographical Tools - Cross section video

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Synoptic Charts

Simple, easy to follow instructions on how to interpret synoptic charts.

​Play the Geographical Tools - Synoptic chart video

Geographical Inquiry Introductory video

Provide students with an overview of the syllabus for the Senior Geographical Inquiry

Play the Senior Geographical Inquiry Introduction video.

Geographical Tools Introductory video

Provide students with an overview of the syllabus for the Senior Geographical Tools.

Play the Senior Geographical Tools Introduction video.

Human-Environment Interactions Introductory video

Provide students with an overview of the syllabus for the Human-Environment Interactions topic.

Play the Human-Environment Interactions Introduction video.

People, patterns and Processes Introductory video

Provide students with an overview of the syllabus for the People, Patterns and Processes topic.

Play the People, Patterns and Processes Introduction video.

Earths Natural Systems Introductory video

Provide students with an overview of the syllabus for the Earth's Natural systems topic.

Play the Earth's Natural Systems Introduction video.

Preliminary Geography - Introductory videos

​Use the introductory videos to provide students with an overview of the new Year 11 Geography syllabus. 


Play the Senior Geography Youtube Playlist.
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Balmain Foreshore Project - Launch and 2023 Reflection

Representatives from the Australian National Maritime Museum, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Living Seawalls, Transurban as well as teachers and students came together for the Balmain Foreshore Launch event.

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Stage 6 Geography Support

Quite a few people have reached out lately about what is available for teachers that are preparing for implementation of the new Stage 6 syllabus right now. Here's some resources that you can get your hands on right away.

​Read more...
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Balmain Foreshore Project - Living Seawalls: Pre-installation biodiversity survey

​Our Balmain Foreshore Project continues with a pre-installation biodiversity survey of our school's seawall today. Dr Rosie Steinberg spent time teaching our staff and students how to undertake the biodiversity survey so that it can be repeated over time to assess the effectiveness of the Living Seawall panels in encouraging biodiversity.

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Coastal Geography - The Tyre Mystery
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Over the last couple of weeks, the Manly Observer has been recording the appearance and removal of an industrial tyre at Long Reef and the actions of mostly young people in the community to relocate it. They removed the sand that had built up inside it to try to make it easier to move, but each time they took out a layer of sand they found a variety of fish, rays and juvenile sharks.


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Balmain Foreshore Project - Living Seawalls
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This week we picked up some Living Seawall panels to install on school property as part of the Balmain Foreshore Project.

A few months ago our Balmain Foreshore Project team was excited to receive a substantial Westconnex Community Grant for continuation of the Balmain Foreshore Project. As part of the Westconnex Grant, funds have been allocated to purchase and install Living Seawall panels on the seawall on school property...


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7-10 Geography syllabus feedback - 2023
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We're back on the merry-go-round again. I think we are looking at either the fourth or fifth 7-10 Geography syllabus we've had in the time that I have been teaching. The current syllabus could do with some revision (particularly the Water In The World topic), but I'm not sure we are on the right track with the new draft Geography syllabus. On the whole

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Balmain Foreshore Project - Implementation
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Students in our Year 10 Enrichment class are currently undertaking the Balmain Foreshore Project, a cross curriculum unit of work in Geography and Science. In this iteration of the project, students focused on extent and quality of mangroves in the area. An important part of this project has been making Geography come alive as a subject - engaging students actively in physical activity, getting out of the classroom and engaging in practical activities. Students kayaked....

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Chat GPT: City Simulation Part 3 - Global Citizenship

As part of the unit on Global Citizenship unit I created a couple of worksheets for students that covered content. I was reluctant to do this as I didn't think the information would be reliable and I had some ethical issues do it. At the beginning of the unit ...

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Chat GPT: City Simulation Part 2 - Exploring Citizenship

As part of the Global Citizenship topic for Elective Geography, students explore the roles and responsibilities of Australian citizens, connections between Australian citizens and the world, and differences between national and global citizens. While the topic has a definite focus on global issues and citizenship, we began by exploring issues local to the simulated town to help set the scene and get the students comfortable with the scenario before delving into more complex global issues. 

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Chat GPT: City Simulation Part 1: Setting up the Town

I have a Year 9 Elective Geography class this year and we are just starting the Global Citizenship topic. The topic starts by looking at what citizenship is, roles and responsibilities of citizens and moves on the explore global citizenship and and global challenges. In the first lesson I raised the idea of learning part of the topic through a community/city simulation without having thought the idea through entirely, The students loved the idea. I was thinking that it would be based loosely on a game like SimCity...

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Differentiation with Chat GPT - First Steps
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One of the challenges of teaching is ensuring that your lessons are designed in a way that supports the learning of the all the students in your class. In the average classroom you might differentiate for high potential students, lower ability students, and EAL/D students. 

What role can AI play in supporting differentiation?
Let's assume you already have a lesson planned for students ....


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Report Writing - ChatGPT experiment

It's that joyful time of the semester again where everyone is setting and marking a lot of assessments and writing junior reports. Tensions are high, patience is low and sleep is something we catch up on during the weekends. Many classroom teachers are writing reports for close to 200 students. While teachers are more than capable to writing their own comments, it is a repetitive task - often commenting many times on the same tasks or skills, and it can be hard to come up with original comments particularly towards the end of the reporting cycle....
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Fieldwork - Reef Survey - Curriculum Links

There has been growing recognition of the Great Southern Reef as an excellent case study for Year 10 
Environmental Change and Management and Year 12 Ecosystems at Risk. It could also be used in the new Stage 6 syllabus for the new Year 12 Ecosystems and Global Biodiversity topic. 
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Fieldwork - Reef Survey - Student Activities

Depending on the types of activities you are going to do (and how often you will be doing them) you might like to invest in underwater slates or clipboards. This means that while students are snorkelling they can be taking notes - perhaps about their location, types of organisms, or number of species observed or a particular...
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Reducing Teacher Administration

It has been great to hear a change in tone and implied respect in the few bits of communication we have had regarding education with the recent change of state government. It has been a long time since we have had communication that didn't feel like we are being reprimanded, misled or gaslighted....
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Fieldwork - Reef Survey - Preparation

Pre-Fieldwork Activities
Students (and teachers) will need to undertake a swimming assessment at a local pool to ensure they are competent swimmers. 
Organise a qualified dive instructor to guide the class
Detailed risk assessment ...
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Balmain Foreshore Project - Trial Activities
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In this trial period, students have assessed the focus area, which is on the border fo the school. They have completed an environmental assessment and undertaken field sketches. Groups of students undertook aerial surveys of the focus area with the school's drones. These are intended to be used by students in future year groups to undertake comparisons to determine change over time. In total, around 20 aerial photos were taken as well as  some video footage.


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Fieldwork - Reef Survey - Where to Snorkel

A good spot for a first snorkel is Clovelly because it is directly in front of the Surf Life Saving Club, it is a fairly contained area, and in most cases in is quite calm. You can pretty much count on seeing a groper. This is a good introduction site. A couple of other good sites around Sydney where you are likely to see a variety of aquatic organisms are ....
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Successfully Running a Whole School Team

Whole school teams provide a good opportunity for teachers to engage in ideas and projects outside their faculties. You can access expertise beyond your immediate colleagues, you can share you ideas more broadly and feel like you have an impact beyond your own classroom. Yes, it involves extra work, but other than faculties, whole school teams are some of the most important...
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Another Year...

The Michael Leunig cartoons over the last week have definitely captured my mood about returning to work after school holidays, so I’m going to share a few goodies...
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AGTA Conference 2022

The Australian Geography Teachers Association held the AGTA Conference this week in Hobart. The AGTA Conference is usually held every two years, and was meant to take place last year, but was delayed due to COVID.
The key highlights for me were:
A Plenary session with Simon Kuestenmacher, Director and Co-founder of...
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Gardening Below the Surface - Operation Posidonia

As part of National Science Week, the Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS) held sessions to raise public awareness about the fragile nature of seagrass meadows. Although this event was promoted as a Science event, it had clear links to the Geography syllabus - both the Year 10 Environmental Change and Management topic and the Year 9 - Biomes topic. SIMS is located on Chowder Bay Rd, Mosman
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Balmain Foreshore Project - Introduction

the Balmain Foreshore Project is an initiative to provide a more specialised program involving more challenge and differentiation to extend and engage students in our Enrichment class. It involves the development of a cross-curriculum unit of work, incorporating critical thinking and focusing on research and hands-on application of research to rehabilitate a section of Balmain foreshore on school grounds.
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Designing an Action Research Project

Action Research is an inquiry process which examines a particular problem or issue, puts a series of actions in place and reflects upon the implementation of the action to determine success or failure.
 Action Research allows us to engage current research, but is mostly focused on improving practice in our own local setting. According to DEC Action Research guidelines the process is made up of four main stages: planning, acting, observing and reflecting. Planning involves identifying an issue, examining similar projects and secondary sources, developing questions and methods....
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Finding Your Purpose

I had decided with absolute certainty that I was leaving teaching and education all together. I was tired, deflated, done. Overburdened by the struggles with the system, the structures, the administration, trying to do everything with nothing, and the politics. Just done. I have been contemplating this for a while, but the idea was cemented in the past 6 months. However, this last week was a revelation. I found a purpose again. I'm writing this for the many teachers that I have spoken to that are tired, that are thinking of leaving the profession, that have had enough. Hold on.
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Ashbury - Responses to Change

Peace Park development - A community protest was held on 30 May 2022 to protest the development of a parcel of land adjacent to Peace Park. The event included guest speakers and was attended by local politicians. 30 Trevenar Street Ashbury is a rectangular parcel of land, of 6,688 sq metres located in the bottom south-west section of Peace Park. The parcel of land was originally owned by the state government, but was given to Ausgrid. When Ausgrid decided to sell...
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Ashbury - Changes Impacting a suburb

The following changes are currently taking place, or have been proposed or discussed in the past 12 months or so:
- the development of the Canterbury Racecourse Masterplan
- the moratorium on development of the racecourse has recently expired, the existing racecourse car park is likely to be decommissioned,
- heritage restrictions of Ashbury are being reviewed....
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Read More...www.hsieteachers.com/home/ashbury-nature-of-changes-taking-place
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Ashbury - Location and Character

The suburb of Ashbury mostly developed from the 1870s to the 1840s. Over 200 items in this area are Heritage listed and most of the suburb, and part of Croydon Park are included in the Ashbury Heritage Conservation Area. It is thought that parts of Hurlstone Park will also be incorporated into the AHCA. An "item" could be a  house, commercial site, factory, monument, etc. The suburb, including its streetscapes, layout and architecture is...
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Picture Books WW1 - Soldiers of the King​

Sometimes a gem just falls into your lap. While cleaning out my parents house to move we came across this picture book in amongst some family memorabilia. My grandfather was born in the early 1920s, so we think it must have belonged to one of his older brothers or sisters. This book is part of the Father Tuck's "Patriotic Series" and appears to have been published in 1917. It provides descriptions of various roles within the British Army with beautiful illustrations accompanying it...
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WWII Recollections and ANZAC Resources

As a family we are lucky that my Pop audio recorded some of his life story including his experiences in PNG during WWII. The video below is an excerpt of these recordings with some photographs taken at the time of him, some of his fellow soldiers and family members. In the lead up to ANZAC Day this year, a number of organisations have shared some great resources. The Poppy  Field Project has released an interactive infographic which shows war fatalities in the 20th century using different sized poppies. Information can be interrogated by continent, by sorting by size of conflict, and by displaying particular time periods....
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Picture Book Review: Strange Animals of the Sea

If you are looking for a great picture book to introduce primary students to marine environments you can't go past "Strange Animals of the Sea". This picture book was release in the early 1990s by the National Geographic Society as one of the National Geographic Action Book series. The content is factual but simple, but it is really the visuals that make this a stand out....
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Tourism - Are we loving Venice to Death? - Part 2

The COVID-19 pandemic, and it's impact on global tourism since that post has resulted in a new range of impacts and an opportunity for reassessing the nature of tourism on the island. The pandemic has resulted in months of empty shops, restaurants and hotels. As Venice begins to open with some slight changes (more takeaways, outdoor dining, etc) a broader review of tourism on the island must be considered....
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Canterbury Racecourse Development - Community Consultation

Concerns have been raised regarding the development of a Canterbury Racecourse Masterplan by Canterbury-Bankstown Council, with claims that at this early stage of planning, successive steps have been put in place to limit consultation.
The Council has recently held a Community Voice Panel, and is due to hold another on 24 March. Local residents had to apply to be part of this process...
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Online Learning - From Crisis Teaching to E-Learning

What is crisis teaching? Crisis teaching involves implementing a rapid change to lesson delivery methods to meet a short-term educational need in a time of crisis. 
As we head into Week 1 of Term 3, many students and teachers have been in some form of lockdown or isolation for around 4 weeks. The prospect of maintaining quality teaching and learning while looking after our own mental and physical health during the COVID pandemic is a challenge at best...
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Australian Bushfires 2019-2020 - Cartoon Interpretation

Cartoons are a form of visual representation of ideas, views and concepts. It is important that students develop skills in interpreting cartoons. Interpreting cartoons involves knowledge of the context of the cartoon, identifying different issues being explored in the cartoon, identifying the techniques used by the artist, and considering the views or opinions that the artist is trying to convey...
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Australian Bushfires 2019-2020 - Lakes Innes and Port Macquarie

Fires around Port Macquarie, Lake Cathie and Lake Innes began in November 2019. As of 21 January the Crestwood Drive, Port Macquarie fire had burnt out 3572ha, while the connected Lindfield Park rd, Port Macquarie fire had burnt out 859ha. The Lake Innes Nature Reserve  was home to a flourishing koala colony. Between 350 and 600 koalas are believed to have died in the fires around the Lake Innes area. The image on the left is a screenshot of the RFS Fires...
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White Island

On 9 December 2019, Whakaari, or White Island in New Zealand erupted while 47 people were on the island. It is located 48 km off the coast of New Zealand’s North Island. 47 people were on the island at the time of the eruption. 21 people were killed and 26 people suffered injuries including severe burns and inhalation burns. Whakaari/White Island is one of New Zealand’s most active volcanoes...
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See all HSIEteachers.com posts....
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  • Home
  • Blog
  • 11 Geography
    • Earth's Natural Systems >
      • Key Terms
      • Processes, cycles and circulations >
        • Atmospheric systems
        • Hydrological systems >
          • Georges River Introduction
          • Georges River
          • Georges River Fieldwork
          • Water Management
          • Flow of Water Though Catchments
          • Catchments - Key Terms
          • Murray-Darling Catchment
          • Human impacts on hydrological processes
        • Geomorphic systems
        • Ecological systems
    • People, Patterns and Processes >
      • Population and resource consumption >
        • Demographic processes
        • Demographic processes - Mortality
        • Population pyramids
        • Challenges of changing population
    • Human-Environment Interactions >
      • A contemporary hazard >
        • Volcanic Eruptions
        • Floods 2022
        • COVID-19
        • Bushfire 2019-2020 >
          • Spatial distribution
          • Managing a contemporary hazard
  • 12 Geography (from 2025)
    • Global Sustainability >
      • Pillars of Sustainability
      • Evaluating Sustainability
      • Tourism - Nature and Spatial Patterns
      • Tourism - Influences >
        • Biophsical Influences
        • Ecological Influences
        • Economic Influences
        • Socio-Cultural Influences
        • Political Influences
        • Organisational Influences
        • Technological Influences
      • Tourism - Trends and Future Directions
      • Tourism - Sustainability >
        • Impacts of Tourism
        • Tourism in Venice
    • Urban and Rural Places >
      • One urban place - Ashbury (suburb) >
        • Ashbury - location and character
        • Ashbury - changes
        • Ashbury - responses to changes
    • Ecosystems and Global Biodiversity >
      • Coral Triangle
  • Geographical Tools
    • Tools Checklist
    • Maps >
      • Topo map basics
      • Area and Grid Reference
      • Sight Lines
      • Bearing
      • Gradient
      • Cross Section
      • Vertical Exaggeration
      • Sketch Maps
      • Synoptic Charts
      • Latitude and Longitude
    • Geographical Inquiry >
      • Soil characteristics
      • Vegetation Profile
      • Fieldsketch
      • Water Quality
      • Microclimate Fieldwork
    • Graphs and Statistics